James Baldwin was deeply in tune with the social and political culture and climate surrounding him. His works focused on the lived experiences of individuals who explored themes of identity, pain, and love while navigating the larger context of racial and sexual discrimination. His connection to the pulse of society began during his childhood. Although his stepfather was strict and believed music and art were innately corrupt, young James felt drawn to the vibrant culture of the Harlem Renaissance around him. His French teacher was the poet Countee Cullen.

Baldwin heard many stories of bravery and hatred from across the ocean, and he was ready to be a part of real and lasting change in his home country. The stories that captivated his attention also captivated the attention of the world. In 1943, the same year that 19-year-old James lost his father, the Harlem riot broke out when a white police officer shot and killed a Black soldier named Robert Brandy. Harlem experienced a similar riot in 1964 when a police officer killed a Black teenager in front of his friends. The increased danger and prevalent police brutality in Harlem led Baldwin to move to Greenwich Village, where he met writers and artists who helped him launch his career as a writer.