In March 1778, Captain Cook and his crew approached the Oregon coast, guided by signs of land such as floating stumps, seaweed, and shorebirds. Despite the anticipation of reaching North America, they were met with severe weather, including sleet, snow, and strong winds. The storms forced them to retreat southward, and they repeatedly lost sight of land, making navigation perilous. Cook named a prominent basalt outcropping Cape Foulweather due to the harsh conditions. Despite the tumultuous weather, the crew managed to sail back up the coast, missing significant features like the Columbia River and the Strait of Juan de Fuca due to poor visibility and challenging sailing conditions. Cook’s primary focus remained on maintaining his mission’s timeline and strategic objectives, despite the navigational challenges and missed opportunities for additional discoveries.

In March 1778, Captain Cook’s expedition found refuge from stormy seas in an inlet along the North American coast, now known as Nootka Sound. The area, surrounded by dense forests and calm waters, provided a perfect location for the much-needed repairs of the ships. The local Mowachaht people, initially curious and welcoming, engaged in trade with Cook’s men, exchanging valuable sea otter pelts and other goods for metal items.